As you have asked about the ecology questions and topics for the Union
Public Service Commission (UPSC) Civil Service (CS) exam, I am providing
you with it, check below for the details

Topics range from:


General issues on Environmental Ecology– ecological terms like Ecotone,
Ecological niche ecosystem, effects of environmental deterioration, how it
affects human being. Food chain in the ecosystem.

Pollution – Acid rain, Photochemical smog, Green House Gases (GHG’s),
Ozone hole, algal bloom.

Bio-diversity (which also overlaps with topics from Geography)- why
biodiversity is important for human survival, International Union for
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) – Red Data Book,
Biodiversity Hotspots.

Conservation- Conservation of natural resources, National Parks, Wildlife
conservations, Wetlands, Biosphere Reserves etc. – internationally
recognized Wetlands and Biosphere Reserves of India.

Sustainable Development– renewable energy, Biotechnology (bio-
fertilizers, bio-pesticides), Biomass gasification.

Ecologically sensitive areas – Western Ghats, Himalayas.

Climate Change – mitigation measures taken at national and international
level (Kyoto protocol, Montreal protocol) recent climate change summits
held, objectives of the summits.

Laws, Regulatory Bodies and Policies at national and international level:
Environment Protection Act, Forest Right Act, National Biodiversity Authority,
Protocols and Summits like Cartanega Protocol, Nagoya Protocol and Lima
Conference etc.

Intergovernmental Organizations, Treaties and Conventions related to
climate change, biodiversity- Ramsar Convention, Montreux Record, The
three Rio Conventions—Convention on Biological Diversity(CoB), United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and United
Nations Convention to Combat Desertification – from the 1992 Earth Summit)
etc.

Organisations like UNEP, FAO, UNESCO etc.

Questions:

Biodiversity forms the basis for human existence in the following ways : (2011)
Soil formation
Prevention of soil erosion
Recycling of waste
Pollination of crops
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a.) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b.) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c.) 1 and 4 only
(d.) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution (d)

Which one of the following is not a site for in-situ method of conservation of flora? (2011)
(a.) Biosphere Reserve
(b.) Botanical Garden
(c.) National Park
(d.) Wildlife Sanctuary
Solution (b)

Consider the following statements: (2011)
Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes as compared to the higher latitudes.
Along the mountain gradients, biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes as compared to the higher altitudes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a.) 1 only
(b.) 2 only
(c.) Both 1 and 2
(d.) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (c)

Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity: (2011)
Species richness
Vegetation density
Endemism
Ethno-botanical importance
Threat perception
Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?
(a.) 1, 2 and 6
(b.) 2, 4 and 6
(c.) 1, 3 and 5
(d.) 3, 4 and 6
Solution (c)

For more details, you can refer to the attached file

Attached Files

UPSC Ecology questions.pdf (105.7 KB, 73 views)