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April 10th, 2017, 06:05 PM
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Join Date: Mar 2012
Re: Kerala Agricultural University Study Material

As you want here I am providing Kerala Agricultural University B. Sc. - M. Sc. (Integrated) Biotechnology Study Material/syllabus

SEMESTER I
Biot.1101 Fundamentals of cell biology (2+1)
Theory
Origin of life - theories. Varieties of life - classification.Cell -
concept, structure and function of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Histology - meristems and their function, simple tissues, complex
tissues, tissue systems, primary and secondary growth.Animal tissues
- types and functions. Autotrophic nutrition - pigment systems,
chloroplast, light absorption by chlorophyll and transfer of energy,
photosynthetic unit, phosphorylation and electron transport system,
Calvin - Benson Cycle, Hatch Slack Pathway, Crassulacean Acid
Metabolism, mineral nutrition in plants. Heterotrophic nutrition -
forms of heterotrophic nutrition, Energy utilization - respiration
- structure of mitochondria, cellular respiration, relationship of
carbohydrate metabolism to other compounds, electron transport
system and oxidative phosphorylation, ATP. Cellular reproduction-
regulation of cell cycle-mitosis and meiosis.
Practical
Preparation of slides of different types of tissues in plants
and animals, transverse section of roots, stems, leaves.
Chem.1101 Fundamentals of chemistry* (3+0)
Theory
Chemical bonding - types, energy changes, Werner’s theory,
effective atomic numbers, isomerism, hybridisation and resonance,
Valance shell electron repulsion theory, molecular orbital theory,
linear combination of atomic orbitals method. Thermochemistry.
Reaction kinetics. Determinations of order of simple reactions,
equilibrium constant and reaction rates - Lindemann, collision
and activated complex theories, complex reactions of first order,
characteristics of consecutive, reversible and parallel reactions.
Catalysis - theories of catalysis, concepts of promoters, inhibitors
and poisoning. Physiosorption, chemisorption. Polymers. Colloids

- colloidal state, classification of colloidal solution, true solution,
colloidal solution and suspensions, preparation of sol, purification
of colloidal solutions, General properties and optical properties,
stability, coagulation of lymphobic sols, electrical properties of sols,
kinetic properties of colloids - Brownian movement, size of colloidal
particle, emulsions, gels, colloidal electrolytes and applications of
colloids. IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Principles
of stereochemistry, conformational analysis, isomerism and
chirality. Principles and applications of organic photochemistry.
Free radical reactions. Reactions involving nucleophotic carbon
intermediates. Oxidation and reduction of functional groups.
Physical characterization of organic compounds by IR, UV, MS
and NMR.
Micr. 1101 Fundamentals of microbiology** (2+1)
Theory
History and scope of microbiology. Microscopy and
staining- principles and applications, bright field, dark field, phase
contrast, fluorescence, SEM and TEM, specimen preparation for
electron microscopy, freeze etching, stains and staining reactions,
types of staining - simple, differential (Gram’s, spore, AFB),
capsule staining, nuclear and flagellar staining. Principles and
methods of sterilization and disinfection, physical - dry heat,
moist heat, filtration, membrane & HEPA, radiation, chemical
sterilization - chemical agents and mode of action. Ultra structure
of bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa and viruses.Culture techniques-
media preparation, solid and liquid. Types of media- crude, semi-
synthetic, synthetic, enriched, enrichment, selective, differential
and special purpose media, anaerobic culture technique - Wrights
tube, Roll tube, McIntoshFildes jar method. Pure culture technique
- tube dilution, pour, spread, streak and micro manipulator.
Maintenance and preservation, short term- slant, slab, mineral oil
over lay, long term- lyophilization, cryopreservation and storage in
sterile soil, storage in silica gel. Nutrition- nutritional requirements
of microorganisms- autotrophs, heterotrophs, photoautotrophs,
chemoautotrophs, copiotrophs, oligotriophs, endospore formation
in bacteria.

Practical
Media preparation, sterilization. Culturing methods, pure
culture technique- serial dilution, plating, streaking and turbidity
measurement. Staining techniques - simple staining, Gram staining,
fungal staining. Antibiotic sensitivity test.
Biot. 1102 Principles of molecular biology (2+0)
Theory
Nucleic acids - structure, forms, properties.History and
development of molecular biology.Genome organization and
structure - viral, prokaryotic, eukaryotic, organelle genomes
(mitochondrial and chloroplast). Fine structure of gene and
modern gene concept. DNA replication - prokaryotic, eukaryotic,
RNA viruses. Control of DNA replication - enzymes, inhibitors.
Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Regulatory elements:
promoters, enhancers, terminators, factors and inhibitors. Post
transcriptional modifications. Translation in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes, post translational processes.
Stat.1101 Mathematics* (3+0)
Theory
Matrices – definition, types-Determinant of square matrix,
Evaluation of determinants, matrices manipulation, Inverse of
square matrix, solution of systems of linear equations using inverse
of matrices and Crammer’s rule. Solutions to quadratic and cubic
equations. Co-ordinate geometry – Area of triangle and quadrilateral,
equation of straight line – in slpoe form, intercept form and
perpendicular form. Trigonometric ratios and their interrelations.
Linear programming- common applications. Numerical methods –
polynomial fitting and interpolations. Calculus – Derivative and its
physical significance, derivative of a function, implicit function, basic
rules for differentiation, maxima and minima – their applications in
biology, exact and inexact differentiation with specific emphasis on
thermodynamic properties, partial differentiation, curve sketching.
Integration of functions, basic rules for integration, definite and
indefinite integrals, geometric meaning of integration, applications
in finding area under curves. Differential equations, homogenous
equations, variable separable form. Applications of integration and
differential equations in chemistry and biology


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