Can you provide me the syllabus of Pathology And Microbiology subject under 2nd Year of Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine and Surgery (B.H.M.S) program of KUHS or Kerala University of Health Sciences?

The syllabus of Pathology And Microbiology subject under 2nd Year of Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine and Surgery (B.H.M.S) program of KUHS or Kerala University of Health Sciences is as follows:

II BHMS SYLLABUS

PATHOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY
(Including bacteriology, virology and parasitology)

First paper includes - Introduction, General pathology, Clinical pathology, Hematology and Systemic pathology (Gastro intestinal tract, Cardio vascular system, Respiratory system, Endocrine system)

Second paper includes - Bacteriology, Virology, Parasitology and Systemic pathology
(Central nervous system, Geneto urinary system, Skeletal and muscular system, Common skin disorders)

SYLLABUS

FIRST SEMESTER

Topics – Introduction to Pathology
Study of Pathology must be in relation with the concept of miasm as evolved by
Dr.Hahneman and further developed by Kent, Boger and Allen.
Concept of miasm in view of Pathology should be taught during the introductory classes itself. Importance of susceptibility and immunity, which explains the Homoeopathic concepts of disease and cure.
In the introductory classes itself the students should be aware about
- Characteristic expression of each miasm
- Classification of diseases according to Pathology
- Correlation of miasm to Pathology for eg : psora and inflammation
Like wise all the topics in general Pathology and Systemic Pathology must be correlated at each level. So a student will definitely understand the importance of Pathology in Homoeopathy.

General Pathology
- Normal cell
- Cell injury and adaption
- Degeneration - disturbance in various metabolism
- Amyloidosis
- Necrosis
- Gangrene
- Acute and chronic inflammation
- Regeneration, Repair and Healing
- Disorders of vascular flow and shock
- Oedema
- Hyperaemia and congestion
- Haemorrhage
- Pyrexia
- Thrombosis
- Embolism
- Infarction
- Shock
- Burns
- Nutritional Disorders
- Immunity and Disorders of Immune systems
- Innate Immunity
- Acquired Immunity - Active
Passive
- Cells of the Immune system
- Cytokines and Messenger molecules of the immune system
- Hypersensitivity
- Autoimmunity and autoimmune disorders
- immune deficiency diseases
-Growth disturbances and Neoplasm
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
- Aplasia
- Agenesis
- Metaplasia
- Dysplasia
- Anaplasia
- Neoplasia
Definition
Nomenclature
 Classification
 Characteristics of Benign and malignant tumor
 Precancerous Lesion
 Epidemiology
 Carcinogenesis – the molecular basis of cancer.
 Biology of tumor growth
 Etiology of cancer – carcinogenic agents
 Host defense against tumor
 Cancer due to habit and custom
 Clinical features of Neoplasia
 Skin tumors
 Grading and Staging of cancer
 Diagnosis of cancer
Clinical pathology and Haematology
- WBC disorders
- RBC disorders
- Haemoglobinopathies
- Haemorrhagic disorders
- Platelet defects
- Blood group & Blood transfusion
- Diseases of lympho reticular system
- Lymphoma
- Plasma cell disorders

Systemic Pathology
- Diseases of alimentary system
- Diseases of cardiovascular system
- Respiratory disorders
- Endocrine diseases

SECOND SEMESTER

Bacteriology
- Introduction to Microbiology
- Different types of classification of bacteria
- Culture medias
- Products of bacterial growth and metabolism
- Infections
- Disinfection and Sterilization
- Gram positive cocci
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Pneumococcus
- Gram negative cocci
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Neisseria gonorrhea
- Mycobacterias
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium leprae
- Spirochaetes
- Treponemas
- Leptospira
- Borrelia
- Corynebacterium diphtheria
- Bacillus anthracis
- Parvo bacterias
- Haemophilus influenza
- Brucella
- Bordetella
- Yersinia pestis
- Entero bacteriaceas
- E coli
- Klebsiella
- Proteus
- Pseudomonas
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Vibrios
- Cholera vibrio
- Eltor vibrio
- Ricketsiae

Virology
- General characters
- Structure of virus
- Viral multiplication
- Classifications
- Important viruses with its characteristic features and Pathogenecity
Parasitology
- Protozoal parasites
-Entamoeba histolitica
- Flagellates
- Plasmodium
- Ciliata
- Cestodes
-Various tapeworms
- Trematodes
- Nematodes
-Ascaris lumbricoides
- Ankylostoma duodenale
- Trichinella spiralis
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- Enterobius vermicularis
- Filarial worms
Systemic pathology
- Common disorders of central nervous system
- Diseases of kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra
- Common disorders of male and female genetal organs
- Skeletal and muscular disorders
- Common skin disorders
- Diseases caused by Bacteria, Parasites and Viruses
- Fungal diseases

PRACTICALS

FIRST SEMESTER

Haematology
- Collection of blood
- Study of Anticoagulants
- Haematology Practicals
- Total WBC Count
- Total RBC Count
- Differential count
- Haemoglobin Estimation
- ESRBleeding time and Clotting time
- Blood grouping
Histopathology
- Demonstration of histopathological techniques
- Fixation, embedding
- Staining
- Frozen section & its importance
- Microscopic study of Histopathological slides
- Demonstration of gross pathological specimens

SECOND SEMESTER
Microbiology
- Gram staining
- Acid fast staining
- Culture
- Demonstration of other important staining methods
Urine Analysis
- Physical examination
- Chemical examination
- Microscopical examination

Stool Examination
- Study of various parasites and ova
Clinical Chemical Pathology